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MCM2 · P49736

In brief

MCM2 is UniProt protein record P49736 for Homo sapiens (NCBI 9606). The retained sequence contains 904 amino acids. [1]

Evidence for this statement

Source annotation

Where to check this statement

uniprot-P49736
Captured UniProt JSON: primaryAccession, organism, sequence and FUNCTION comments
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Editorial draft · human review pending

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Meet the protein

DNA strands must separate before they can serve as templates for copying. MCM2 belongs to MCM2–7, a central part of the eukaryotic replication helicase. Together with CDC45 and GINS, this complex forms the CMG helicase that unwinds DNA during replication. This page selects the human MCM2 subunit, not the entire molecular complex.

[1]
Evidence for this statement

Editorial synthesis

Where to check this statement

uniprot-P49736
Captured UniProt JSON: primaryAccession, organism, sequence and FUNCTION comments

The MCM2–7 ring works through interactions among its subunits. UniProt describes ATP-hydrolysis sites at interfaces between neighbouring subunits and notes that their contributions may differ. Read the MCM2 sequence together with its partners and functional evidence. An individual protein record does not by itself measure the activity of the complete helicase.

[1]
Evidence for this statement

Editorial synthesis

Where to check this statement

uniprot-P49736
Captured UniProt JSON: primaryAccession, organism, sequence and FUNCTION comments

A subunit within the replication motor

MCM2 is part of the MCM2–7 ring, which joins CDC45 and GINS in the CMG helicase. Unwinding template DNA enables the replication machinery to copy it. ATPase sites are formed at interfaces between neighbouring ring subunits, so the ring cannot be understood as six isolated enzymes acting independently. The retained entry describes both initiation and elongation roles of this molecular machinery. A question about MCM2 sequence variation therefore needs to distinguish the selected subunit from the activity of the assembled complex.

[1]
Evidence for this statement

EcoGenesis

Where to check this statement

uniprot-P49736
Retained UniProt JSON: comments[commentType=FUNCTION], selected accession and entry version as recorded in evidence

Teaching diagram

Evidence for this statement

EcoGenesis

    Original teaching diagram of the relationship described in the retained FUNCTION annotation; no measured rate, geometry or experimental result is shown.
    1. MCM2

      One selected subunit

    2. MCM2–7

      Interacting ring subunits

    3. CMG

      CDC45, MCM and GINS together

    • MCM2 → MCM2–7: connects with
    • MCM2–7 → CMG: connects with

    What is known about function

    Function and evidence from UniProt

    Inspect structured data
    Source text
    Acts as a component of the MCM2-7 complex (MCM complex) which is the replicative helicase essential for 'once per cell cycle' DNA replication initiation and elongation in eukaryotic cells. Core component of CDC45-MCM-GINS (CMG) helicase, the molecular machine that unwinds template DNA during replication, and around which the replisome is built (PubMed:32453425, PubMed:34694004, PubMed:34700328, PubMed:35585232). The active ATPase sites in the MCM2-7 ring are formed through the interaction surfaces of two neighboring subunits such that a critical structure of a conserved arginine finger motif is provided in trans relative to the ATP-binding site of the Walker A box of the adjacent subunit. The six ATPase active sites, however, are likely to contribute differentially to the complex helicase activity (PubMed:32453425). Required for the entry in S phase and for cell division (PubMed:8175912). Plays a role in terminally differentiated hair cells development of the cochlea and induces cells apoptosis (PubMed:26196677)
    Source language
    en
    evidence codes
    • evidenceCode
      ECO:0000269
      Source
      PubMed
      id
      26196677
    • evidenceCode
      ECO:0000269
      Source
      PubMed
      id
      32453425
    • evidenceCode
      ECO:0000269
      Source
      PubMed
      id
      34694004
    • evidenceCode
      ECO:0000269
      Source
      PubMed
      id
      34700328
    • evidenceCode
      ECO:0000269
      Source
      PubMed
      id
      35585232
    • evidenceCode
      ECO:0000269
      Source
      PubMed
      id
      8175912
    [1]
    Evidence for this statement

    Source annotation

    Where to check this statement

    uniprot-P49736
    Captured UniProt JSON: comments[commentType=FUNCTION] and attached evidence codes

    Evidence codes qualify the annotation. This record is not a measurement of an illustrated specimen.

    Sequence and version

    P49736

    Inspect structured data
    accession
    P49736
    name
    DNA replication licensing factor MCM2
    length
    904
    entry version
    249
    sequence version
    4
    Sequence
    MAESSESFTMASSPAQRRRGNDPLTSSPGRSSRRTDALTSSPGRDLPPFEDESEGLLGTE
GPLEEEEDGEELIGDGMERDYRAIPELDAYEAEGLALDDEDVEELTASQREAAERAMRQR
DREAGRGLGRMRRGLLYDSDEEDEERPARKRRQVERATEDGEEDEEMIESIENLEDLKGH
SVREWVSMAGPRLEIHHRFKNFLRTHVDSHGHNVFKERISDMCKENRESLVVNYEDLAAR
EHVLAYFLPEAPAELLQIFDEAALEVVLAMYPKYDRITNHIHVRISHLPLVEELRSLRQL
HLNQLIRTSGVVTSCTGVLPQLSMVKYNCNKCNFVLGPFCQSQNQEVKPGSCPECQSAGP
FEVNMEETIYQNYQRIRIQESPGKVAAGRLPRSKDAILLADLVDSCKPGDEIELTGIYHN
NYDGSLNTANGFPVFATVILANHVAKKDNKVAVGELTDEDVKMITSLSKDQQIGEKIFAS
IAPSIYGHEDIKRGLALALFGGEPKNPGGKHKVRGDINVLLCGDPGTAKSQFLKYIEKVS
SRAIFTTGQGASAVGLTAYVQRHPVSREWTLEAGALVLADRGVCLIDEFDKMNDQDRTSI
HEAMEQQSISISKAGIVTSLQARCTVIAAANPIGGRYDPSLTFSENVDLTEPIISRFDIL
CVVRDTVDPVQDEMLARFVVGSHVRHHPSNKEEEGLANGSAAEPAMPNTYGVEPLPQEVL
KKYIIYAKERVHPKLNQMDQDKVAKMYSDLRKESMATGSIPITVRHIESMIRMAEAHARI
HLRDYVIEDDVNMAIRVMLESFIDTQKFSVMRSMRKTFARYLSFRRDNNELLLFILKQLV
AEQVTYQRNRFGAQQDTIEVPEKDLVDKARQINIHNLSAFYDSELFRMNKFSHDLKRKMI
LQQF
    [1]
    Evidence for this statement

    Source annotation

    Where to check this statement

    uniprot-P49736
    Captured UniProt JSON: sequence.value, sequence.length, sequenceVersion and entryVersion

    Genes and domains

    Cross-references supplied by UniProt

    Inspect structured data
    gene symbols
    • MCM2
    gene crossreferences
    • database
      Ensembl
      id
      ENST00000265056.12
      properties
      • key
        ProteinId
        value
        ENSP00000265056.7
      • key
        GeneId
        value
        ENSG00000073111.16
    • database
      GeneID
      id
      4171
      properties
      • key
        Description
        value
        -
    interpro domains
    • Provider
      interpro
      accession
      IPR031327
      name
      MCM
    • Provider
      interpro
      accession
      IPR008045
      name
      MCM2
    • Provider
      interpro
      accession
      IPR061506
      name
      MCM2_N
    • Provider
      interpro
      accession
      IPR018525
      name
      MCM_CS
    • Provider
      interpro
      accession
      IPR001208
      name
      MCM_dom
    • Provider
      interpro
      accession
      IPR041562
      name
      MCM_lid
    • Provider
      interpro
      accession
      IPR027925
      name
      MCM_N
    • Provider
      interpro
      accession
      IPR033762
      name
      MCM_OB
    • Provider
      interpro
      accession
      IPR012340
      name
      NA-bd_OB-fold
    • Provider
      interpro
      accession
      IPR027417
      name
      P-loop_NTPase
    • Provider
      interpro
      accession
      IPR059098
      name
      WHD_MCM2
    [1]
    Evidence for this statement

    Source annotation

    Where to check this statement

    uniprot-P49736
    Captured UniProt JSON: genes, features and cross-references

    GO function annotations

    A sample with evidence codes

    Inspect structured data

    Shown / materialized / in provider response: 12 / 126 / 126

    GO
    GOEvidencePublication or ruleAssigned by
    GO:0005730
    nucleolus
    Cellular Component    		ECO:0000314
    NOT|located_in    		PMID:21383955UniProt
    20170426
    GO:0017116
    single-stranded DNA helicase activity
    Molecular Function    		ECO:0000318
    contributes_to    		GO_REF:0000033GO_Central
    20210414
    GO:0043138
    3'-5' DNA helicase activity
    Molecular Function    		ECO:0000318
    contributes_to    		GO_REF:0000033GO_Central
    20190210
    GO:0003677
    DNA binding
    Molecular Function    		ECO:0000256
    enables    		GO_REF:0000002InterPro
    20260727
    GO:0003677
    DNA binding
    Molecular Function    		ECO:0000304
    enables    		PMID:8175912PINC
    20030904
    GO:0003678
    DNA helicase activity
    Molecular Function    		ECO:0000501
    enables    		GO_REF:0000120UniProt
    20260727
    GO:0003688
    DNA replication origin binding
    Molecular Function    		ECO:0000265
    enables    		GO_REF:0000107Ensembl
    20260724
    GO:0003697
    single-stranded DNA binding
    Molecular Function    		ECO:0000318
    enables    		GO_REF:0000033GO_Central
    20230110
    GO:0005515
    protein binding
    Molecular Function    		ECO:0000353
    enables    		PMID:11095689UniProt
    20070220
    GO:0005515
    protein binding
    Molecular Function    		ECO:0000353
    enables    		PMID:12740381IntAct
    20260725
    GO:0005515
    protein binding
    Molecular Function    		ECO:0000353
    enables    		PMID:15232106IntAct
    20260725
    GO:0005515
    protein binding
    Molecular Function    		ECO:0000353
    enables    		PMID:15232106IntAct
    20260725
    [2] [3]
    Evidence for this statement

    Source annotation

    Where to check this statement

    quickgo-P49736-1
    Captured QuickGO annotation results: GO ID, qualifier, evidenceCode, reference, assignedBy and date; limited returned pages
    quickgo-P49736-2
    Captured QuickGO annotation results: GO ID, qualifier, evidenceCode, reference, assignedBy and date; limited returned pages

    These are source annotations, not independent proof of a causal mechanism. The complete captured responses are available as originals.

    Research cited by the protein record

    Bibliographic records

    Inspect structured data
    • Source
      uniprot
      id
      P49736-citation-8175912
      title
      A human nuclear protein with sequence homology to a family of early S phase proteins is required for entry into S phase and for cell division.
      pmid
      8175912
      doi
      10.1242/jcs.107.1.253
      year
      1994
      authors
      • Todorov I.T.
      • Pepperkok R.
      • Philipova R.N.
      • Kearsey S.E.
      • Ansorge W.
      • Werner D.
      journal
      J. Cell Sci.
      Reuse status
      metadata_only
      Source URL
      https://rest.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/P49736.json
      Source snapshot SHA-256
      6d1b85a1e548c32f74248e487f6817342ecc7e523b6a7933520c9700d188356f
    • Source
      uniprot
      id
      P49736-citation-7584026
      title
      Prediction of the coding sequences of unidentified human genes. I. The coding sequences of 40 new genes (KIAA0001-KIAA0040) deduced by analysis of randomly sampled cDNA clones from human immature myeloid cell line KG-1.
      pmid
      7584026
      doi
      10.1093/dnares/1.1.27
      year
      1994
      authors
      • Nomura N.
      • Miyajima N.
      • Sazuka T.
      • Tanaka A.
      • Kawarabayasi Y.
      • Sato S.
      • Nagase T.
      • Seki N.
      • Ishikawa K.
      • Tabata S.
      journal
      DNA Res.
      Reuse status
      metadata_only
      Source URL
      https://rest.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/P49736.json
      Source snapshot SHA-256
      6d1b85a1e548c32f74248e487f6817342ecc7e523b6a7933520c9700d188356f
    • Source
      uniprot
      id
      P49736-citation-15489334
      title
      The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).
      pmid
      15489334
      doi
      10.1101/gr.2596504
      year
      2004
      authors
        journal
        Genome Res.
        Reuse status
        metadata_only
        Source URL
        https://rest.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/P49736.json
        Source snapshot SHA-256
        6d1b85a1e548c32f74248e487f6817342ecc7e523b6a7933520c9700d188356f
      • Source
        uniprot
        id
        P49736-citation-CI-D7CASS6KHIPA6
        title
        Homo sapiens DNA replication licensing factor (huMCM2).
        pmid
        —
        doi
        —
        year
        MAR-
        authors
        • Mimura S.
        • Nishimoto S.
        • Kubota Y.
        • Takisawa H.
        • Nojima H.
        journal
        —
        Reuse status
        metadata_only
        Source URL
        https://rest.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/P49736.json
        Source snapshot SHA-256
        6d1b85a1e548c32f74248e487f6817342ecc7e523b6a7933520c9700d188356f
      • Source
        uniprot
        id
        P49736-citation-CI-4IUTBOVVGSAD8
        title
        Cloning of human full-length CDSs in BD Creator(TM) system donor vector.
        pmid
        —
        doi
        —
        year
        AUG-
        authors
        • Kalnine N.
        • Chen X.
        • Rolfs A.
        • Halleck A.
        • Hines L.
        • Eisenstein S.
        • Koundinya M.
        • Raphael J.
        • Moreira D.
        • Kelley T.
        • LaBaer J.
        • Lin Y.
        • Phelan M.
        • Farmer A.
        journal
        —
        Reuse status
        metadata_only
        Source URL
        https://rest.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/P49736.json
        Source snapshot SHA-256
        6d1b85a1e548c32f74248e487f6817342ecc7e523b6a7933520c9700d188356f
      • Source
        uniprot
        id
        P49736-citation-8258304
        title
        The human gene for nuclear protein BM28 (CDCL1), a new member of the early S-phase family of proteins, maps to chromosome band 3q21.
        pmid
        8258304
        doi
        10.1159/000133647
        year
        1994
        authors
        • Mincheva A.
        • Todorov I.T.
        • Werner D.
        • Fink T.M.
        • Lichter P.
        journal
        Cytogenet. Cell Genet.
        Reuse status
        metadata_only
        Source URL
        https://rest.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/P49736.json
        Source snapshot SHA-256
        6d1b85a1e548c32f74248e487f6817342ecc7e523b6a7933520c9700d188356f
      • Source
        uniprot
        id
        P49736-citation-9305914
        title
        A DNA helicase activity is associated with an MCM4, -6, and -7 protein complex.
        pmid
        9305914
        doi
        10.1074/jbc.272.39.24508
        year
        1997
        authors
        • Ishimi Y.
        journal
        J. Biol. Chem.
        Reuse status
        metadata_only
        Source URL
        https://rest.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/P49736.json
        Source snapshot SHA-256
        6d1b85a1e548c32f74248e487f6817342ecc7e523b6a7933520c9700d188356f
      • Source
        uniprot
        id
        P49736-citation-11095689
        title
        The human homolog of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Mcm10 interacts with replication factors and dissociates from nuclease-resistant nuclear structures in G(2) phase.
        pmid
        11095689
        doi
        10.1093/nar/28.23.4769
        year
        2000
        authors
        • Izumi M.
        • Yanagi K.
        • Mizuno T.
        • Yokoi M.
        • Kawasaki Y.
        • Moon K.Y.
        • Hurwitz J.
        • Yatagai F.
        • Hanaoka F.
        journal
        Nucleic Acids Res.
        Reuse status
        metadata_only
        Source URL
        https://rest.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/P49736.json
        Source snapshot SHA-256
        6d1b85a1e548c32f74248e487f6817342ecc7e523b6a7933520c9700d188356f
      • Source
        uniprot
        id
        P49736-citation-15210935
        title
        Minichromosome maintenance proteins are direct targets of the ATM and ATR checkpoint kinases.
        pmid
        15210935
        doi
        10.1073/pnas.0403410101
        year
        2004
        authors
        • Cortez D.
        • Glick G.
        • Elledge S.J.
        journal
        Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.
        Reuse status
        metadata_only
        Source URL
        https://rest.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/P49736.json
        Source snapshot SHA-256
        6d1b85a1e548c32f74248e487f6817342ecc7e523b6a7933520c9700d188356f
      • Source
        uniprot
        id
        P49736-citation-17081983
        title
        Global, in vivo, and site-specific phosphorylation dynamics in signaling networks.
        pmid
        17081983
        doi
        10.1016/j.cell.2006.09.026
        year
        2006
        authors
        • Olsen J.V.
        • Blagoev B.
        • Gnad F.
        • Macek B.
        • Kumar C.
        • Mortensen P.
        • Mann M.
        journal
        Cell
        Reuse status
        metadata_only
        Source URL
        https://rest.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/P49736.json
        Source snapshot SHA-256
        6d1b85a1e548c32f74248e487f6817342ecc7e523b6a7933520c9700d188356f
      • Source
        uniprot
        id
        P49736-citation-16899510
        title
        Essential role of phosphorylation of MCM2 by Cdc7/Dbf4 in the initiation of DNA replication in mammalian cells.
        pmid
        16899510
        doi
        10.1091/mbc.e06-03-0241
        year
        2006
        authors
        • Tsuji T.
        • Ficarro S.B.
        • Jiang W.
        journal
        Mol. Biol. Cell
        Reuse status
        metadata_only
        Source URL
        https://rest.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/P49736.json
        Source snapshot SHA-256
        6d1b85a1e548c32f74248e487f6817342ecc7e523b6a7933520c9700d188356f
      • Source
        uniprot
        id
        P49736-citation-16387653
        title
        ING tumor suppressor proteins are critical regulators of chromatin acetylation required for genome expression and perpetuation.
        pmid
        16387653
        doi
        10.1016/j.molcel.2005.12.007
        year
        2006
        authors
        • Doyon Y.
        • Cayrou C.
        • Ullah M.
        • Landry A.-J.
        • Cote V.
        • Selleck W.
        • Lane W.S.
        • Tan S.
        • Yang X.-J.
        • Cote J.
        journal
        Mol. Cell
        Reuse status
        metadata_only
        Source URL
        https://rest.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/P49736.json
        Source snapshot SHA-256
        6d1b85a1e548c32f74248e487f6817342ecc7e523b6a7933520c9700d188356f
      [1]
      Evidence for this statement

      Source annotation

      Where to check this statement

      uniprot-P49736
      Captured UniProt JSON: references and citation cross-references

      Only metadata is shown. Article text has a separate reuse decision.

      How to read these records

      Organism in the UniProt record

      Homo sapiens · NCBI 9606Scientific profile →

      Your research question

      Save the article to return to your question and this source version.

      Plan a test

      This is your research plan. Completing these fields does not confirm a hypothesis.

      Ask about this material

      Sources and versions

      Editorial draft · human review pending

      1. UniProt Consortium · P49736

        2026-09-09T03:19:37.652260+00:00 · CC-BY-4.0

        Provenance and original
        Source version
        entry 249; sequence 4
        Original SHA-256
        6d1b85a1e548c32f74248e487f6817342ecc7e523b6a7933520c9700d188356f
        Processing
        Unmodified provider response; selected fields are projected into the document.
        Version details
        Native entry and sequence versions retained.

        View original JSON · Download original

      2. Gene Ontology Consortium / QuickGO · UniProtKB:P49736

        2026-09-09T03:19:38.868150+00:00 · CC-BY-4.0

        Provenance and original
        Original SHA-256
        03e6f92c3168330f8946e992b513d8ce36cb88cc515fb8b994786586182c74a4
        Processing
        Unmodified provider response; selected fields are projected into the document.
        Version details
        No native GO release was supplied; exact response hash and retrieval time are retained.

        View original JSON · Download original

      3. Gene Ontology Consortium / QuickGO · UniProtKB:P49736

        2026-09-09T03:19:39.500632+00:00 · CC-BY-4.0

        Provenance and original
        Original SHA-256
        f04c287bd242718906bc146fd64c51d2efb2c5a3e215f77414c83d78350af922
        Processing
        Unmodified provider response; selected fields are projected into the document.
        Version details
        No native GO release was supplied; exact response hash and retrieval time are retained.

        View original JSON · Download original

      Inspect structured data
      Content version
      cc053a4ad178ad7f22afd55601a3bf49f897892b60c3f0dbde658cc6c5f16955
      Source version
      research-20260909.1
      Updated
      2026-10-01